NASA launched the Mars Science Laboratory probe, which carried the Curiosity Rover to Mars.
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J.B. Sutherland from Detroit patented refrigerated railroad cars.
The UK-based computer company Raspberry Pi released their $5 (£4) computer.
Scottish civil engineer Thomas Telford designed and completed The Pontcysyllte Aqueduct.
Lewis Carroll's 'Alice in Wonderland' novel was published in the US.
British archaeologists entered the tomb of King Tutankhamun.
