Vanuatu gained its independence from the Anglo-French Condominium.
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Following the fall of the Umayyads, the city of Baghdad, Iraq, was founded by caliph Al-Mansur the Islamic Ruler.
28-year-old chemist Eugène Schueller founded a beauty company, which would later be named L'Oreal.
President Eisenhower demanded that all US currency would feature the words 'In God We Trust.'
Metallica released their single 'Enter Sandman.'
Abraham Lincoln issued an order called 'eye-for-eye,' allowing Union soldiers to one rebel prisoner for every black prisoner the Confederacy shot.
