The Massachusetts Charter was signed, which established the Province of Massachusetts Bay.
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Portuguese explorer Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo discovers Catalina Island off the coast of California.
The Sonderkommandos, prisoners who took care of the bodies at the Auschwitz-Birkenau Concentration Camp, protested their pending mass murder.
The first-ever infrared photo was taken in Rochester, New York.
British Newspaper 'The Independent' was first published.
The Soviet spacecraft Luna 3 allowed the world to look at the far side of the moon for the first time.
