French explorer Samuel de Champlain founded Quebec City, Canada.
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A Soviet N1 rocket failed during its launch, causing the largest rocket explosion in recorded history.
North America's biggest battle, ''The Battle of Gettysburg,” was won by the union.
The world's first stock index was published.
Saladin's troops surrounded the Jerusalem Crusaders, so they were unable to reach the Springs of Kafr Hattin and would lose the battle.
Maria Sharapova became the first Russian to win Wimbledon.
