Mars had a “close encounter” with Earth at 34.8 million miles apart.
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Nicki Minaj's Super Freaky Girl debuted at number one on Billboard's Hot 100.
French explorer Jacques Cartier arrived in the city of Quebec during his third voyage to Canada.
The World Council of Churches (WCC) was founded with 147 churches from 44 countries.
Scottish knight William Wallace was executed for treason by being hung, drawn, and quartered by order of King Edward I of England.
During the French Revolution, a mass levy was adopted, making it compulsory for any able-bodied men aged 18 to 25 to join military service.
