Medical researcher Oswald Hope Robertson performed the first-ever blood transfusion using stored and refrigerated blood.
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Same-sex marriage became legal in Austria.
America banned all advertisements of cigarettes on TV and radio.
Fidel Castro's revolutionary forces overthrew the Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista.
The country of Czechoslovakia peacefully dissolved into two nations, the Czech Republic and Slovakia.
Portuguese navigators discovered Rio de Janeiro.