President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed a 48-hour working week order to increase production during World War II.
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President Ulysses S. authorized the establishment of the United States National Weather Service (NWS).
Milton S. Hershey founded Hershey's Chocolate Company in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, US.
The Soviet R-7 Semyorka, the world's first Intercontinental ballistic missile, became operational.
A record low temperature was recorded and reached a bone-chilling -15°F in Central Park, New York City.
Halley's Comet was last seen from Earth. It only orbits the Earth once every 75 to 76 years.
